Jakarta, CNBC Indonesia – Head of the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) Dwikorita Karnawati again reminded the threat of climate change lurking around the world, including Indonesia. One of the impacts of climate change is disruption of food security triggered by extreme drought and water shortages.

The condition of water shortages or water hotspots, he said, occurs globally. And will continue for some time to come.

This was conveyed by Dwikorita during a working meeting with Commission V DPR, Wednesday (8/10/2023).

Dwikorita said that the food security pressure indicator based on water hotspots shows that by the middle of the century, around the 2050s, most areas on earth will be orange to dark orange, even black.

“As a result of this water shortage, projected by the world meteorological organization, including in Indonesia, the color is orange, there is a condition of quite high vulnerability to food security,” said Dwikorita, quoted Monday (13/11/2023).

“It is predicted that in the 2050s there will be food shortages due to water shortages, in orange, brown, red and dark areas. Indonesia is in the middle (orange) region category,” he continued.

So what is the cause of the spike in heat?

Dwikorita explained that the results of BMKG monitoring showed that the cause of climate change, which was marked by a spike in the earth’s temperature, was shown by the CO2 concentration measured at GAW Kototabang. The CO2 concentration had been monitored since 2004, which was increasing until 2023.

From around 370 ppm Co2 concentration, this year it is around 415 ppm.

“In fact, Kototabang hill is in the middle of the forest, not in Jakarta, there is no pollution. So you can imagine, even in the middle of the forest, CO2 concentrations in the city have jumped. This has resulted in a blanket of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,” he explained.

“The greenhouse gas veil prevents the release of solar radiation back into space. For decades the radiation has not returned to space because of the greenhouse gas CO2,” explained Dwikorita.

As a result, a number of effects are predicted to hit the earth, including Indonesia.

“That is the condition. As a result, the Jayawijaya peak ice is predicted to disappear by 2025. And, extreme weather is occurring more frequently,” he said.

“For this reason, BMKG carries out climate change adaptation training, increases climate literacy for the community, and expands the implementation of energy transformation from fossil to non-fossil energy,” said Dwikorita.

Signs of Climate Change

Dwikorita said that global climate phenomena are currently becoming more complex, more uncertain and more complicated, which has an impact on regional and local climate conditions in Indonesia.

He explained that the results of climate observations of average temperatures from 1850-2023 showed that temperatures in 1850-1900 were still relatively stable.

“However, once industry existed, gradually, around 1950, there was an increase in global temperatures. In fact, a spike occurred towards 1980. Where the temperature increase graph can be seen in the period 1920-1950, it was still sloping, then became steeper after 1980, he said.

“And it is recorded that the temperature increase until 2023 has reached approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius compared to before the industrial revolution, or the period 1850-1900. And, since
“The last 8 years, from 2016 to 2023, recorded the hottest record in history,” said Dwikorita.

One of them, said Dwikorita, was that the temperature in July 2023 was recorded as the hottest temperature compared to non-July temperatures in previous years. In addition, in 2023, the hottest temperature recorded will repeatedly break records.

For example, in April 2023 the hottest temperature reached over 45.4 degrees Celsius in Tak, Thailand. Then in July 2023, the hottest maximum temperature reached 53 degrees Celsius in western America and temperatures of more than 43 degrees Celsius remained for 31 consecutive days.

Then in August 2023, during winter in Boolivia, the temperature actually reaches 45 degrees Celsius.

“So this temperature increase is indeed global, although thank God, Indonesia, although there has been an increase, is not as big as others because Indonesia’s sea area is much wider than its land area, which acts as a cooler,” he concluded.

[Gambas:Video CNBC]

(dce)